Types of Dyslipidemia in Type 2 Diabetic Patients of Haryana Region

Dyslipidemia is elevation of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), or both, or low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level that contributes to the development of atherosclerosis, which is a hallmark of diabetes. This research determined the influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (Type 2 DM) on lipid profile of diabetic patients reporting in a tertiary hospital in Haryana. 100 confirmed Type 2 DM patients and 100 non-diabetic control patients were recruited for the study. Fasting blood samples were collected from both study and control patients and analyzed for TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-C, plasma glucose and HbA1c. Fifty-three (53%) of diabetic patients were males whilst 47 (47%) were females. The mean plasma glucose levels, HbA1c, TC and TG were significantly raised in the diabetics as compared to those in the controls. TC, HDL-C, LDL-C were significantly different in diabetic males as compared to diabetic females, while this was not so in controls. High TG (56%) was most commonly present in diabetics. HDL-C alone (27%) was the most common dyslipidemia in diabetics followed by combination of TG and HDL-C (20%). There was a significant association of abnormal lipid parameters in type 2 diabetic subjects, TG correlated positively with plasma glucose and HbA1c, while TC, LDL-C correlated only with postprandial plasma glucose only. Thus type 2 diabetes abnormally influences lipids of patients thus denoting the importance of lipid control on diabetes and exposing them to potential associated cardiovascular diseases.